Goats can differentiate between human facial expressions and prefer to interact with happy people, according to a new study led by scientists at Queen Mary University of London. The study, which provides the first evidence of how goats read human emotional expressions, implies that the ability of animals to perceive human facial cues is not limited to those with a long history of domestication as companions, such as dogs and horses. Writing in the journal Royal Society Open Science, the research team describes how 20 goats interacted with images of positive (happy) and negative (angry) human facial expressions and found that the goats preferred to look and interact with the happy faces. Dr. Alan McElligott who led the study at Queen Mary University of London and is now based at the University of Roehampton, said: "The study has important implications for how we interact with livestock and other species, because the abilities of animals to perceive human emotions might be widespread and not just limited to pets." The study, which was carried out at Buttercups Sanctuary for Goats in Kent, UK, involved the researchers showing goats pairs of unfamiliar grey-scale static human faces of the same individual showing happy and angry facial expressions. The team found that images of happy faces elicited greater interaction in the goats who looked at the images, approached them, and explored them with their snouts. This was particularly the case when the happy faces were positioned on the right of the test arena suggesting that goats use the left hemisphere of their brains to process positive emotion.
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